Publications

Papers, reports, and write-ups

A running list of my peer-reviewed papers, reports, and book chapters on Boswellia ecology, chemistry, conservation, and sourcing.

Satyal, P., Johnson, S., DeCarlo, A., and Setzer, W.N. 2026. The Dimerization of α-Phellandrene: Implications for Boswellia Chemotaxonomy. Journal of Essential Oil and Plant Composition, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.58985/jeopc.2026.v04i02.85

DeCarlo, A., Johnson, S., Agieb, S., Satyal, P., Sorensen, A., and Setzer, W.N. 2025. Compositional analysis of cultivated and wild-harvested Boswellia sacra frankincense resin essential oils in Oman. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 22(12). https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502268

Sabo, P., Tiétiéambou, F.S.R., Salako, V.K., Johnson, S., DeCarlo, A., Kakai, R.G., Ouédraogo, A. 2025. Socio-cultural factors affecting traditional knowledge and cultural importance of the medicinal plant, Boswellia dalzielii Hutch. in Burkina Faso. Human Ecology, 53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-025-00605-w

Johnson, S., Bait Said, A., Vahalik, P., Karas, L., Willson, M.S., and Bongers, F. 2025. Rapid Conservation Assessment of Boswellia sacra in Oman Reveals Complex Threat and Population Patterns. Journal of Arid Environments, 229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105368

Johnson, S., Davison, S.C., Ablard, K., Bongers, F., Cunningham, A.B., DeCarlo, A., and Van Wyk, B.E. 2024. Good Intentions Meet Complex Realities: CITES Listing of Diverse Frankincense (Boswellia species) Might Do More Harm Than Good. Forest Policy and Economics, 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103207

Johnson, S., and Bongers, F. 2024. Armed Conflict as an Underappreciated Driver of Conservation Outcomes in Frankincense (Boswellia spp.). Trees, Forests, and People, 15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2023.100490

Johnson, S., DeCarlo, A., Bongers, F., Cunningham, A.B. 2023. To List or Not to List: Governance Challenges and Complexities in Global Frankincense Supply Chains. In Cordonnier Segger, MC, DA Wardell, & A. Harrington (eds). CITES as a Tool for Sustainable Development. Cambridge University Press.

DeCarlo, A., Johnson, S., Abdikadir, A., Satyal, P., Poudel, A., and Setzer, W.N. 2023. Evaluating the Potential of Boswellia rivae to Provide Sustainable Livelihood Benefits in Eastern Ethiopia. Plants, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12102024

Johnson, S., Abdikadir, A., Satyal, P., Poudel, A., and Setzer, W.N. 2022. Conservation Assessment and Chemistry of Boswellia ogadensis, a Critically Endangered Frankincense Tree. Plants, 11(23), 3381. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233381

DeCarlo, A., Agieb, S., Johnson, S., Satyal, P., and Setzer, W.N. 2022. Inter-Tree Variation in the Chemical Composition of Boswellia papyrifera Oleo-Gum Resin. Natural Product Communications, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X221117411

Sabo, P., Salako, K.V., Johnson, S., Kakai, R.G., Ouédraogo, A. 2022. Current knowledge and conservation perspectives of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch., an African frankincense tree. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-022-01408-4

Johnson, S., DeCarlo, A., Satyal, P., Dosoky, N.S., Sorensen, A., Setzer, W.N. 2021. The Chemical Composition of Single-Tree Boswellia frereana resin samples. Natural Product Communications, 16(9). https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X211043727

Johnson, S., DeCarlo, A., Satyal, P., Dosoky, N.S., Sorensen, A., Setzer, W.N. 2019. The Chemical Composition of Boswellia occulta Oleogum Resin Essential Oils. Natural Product Communications, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X19866307

DeCarlo, A., Johnson, S., Ouédraogo, A., Dosoky, N.S., Setzer, W.N. 2019. Chemical Composition of the Oleogum Resin Essential Oils of Boswellia dalzielii from Burkina Faso. Plants, 8(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8070223

DeCarlo, A., Johnson, S., Okeke-Agulu, K.I., Dosoky, N.S., Wax, S.J., Owolabi, M.S., Setzer, W.N. 2019. Compositional Analysis of the Essential Oil of Boswellia dalzielii Frankincense from West Africa Reveals Two Major Chemotypes. Phytochemistry, 164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.04.015

Johnson, S., DeCarlo, A., Satyal, P., Dosoky, N.S., Sorensen, A., Setzer, W.N. 2019. Organic Certification is Not Enough: The Case of the Methoxydecane Frankincense. Plants, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8040088

Thulin, M., DeCarlo, A., and Johnson, S. 2019. Boswellia occulta (Burseraceae), a new species of frankincense tree from Somalia (Somaliland). Phytotaxa, 394(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.394.3.3

Ferree, E., Johnson, S., Barraza, D., Crabo, E., Florio, J., Godtfredsen, H., Holland, K., Jitmana, K., Mark, K. 2018. Size-dependent variability in the formation and trade-offs of facultative aggregations in golden-orb web spiders (Nephila clavipes). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 72(157). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-018-2574-7

DeCarlo, A., Johnson, S., Poudel, A., Satyal, P., Bangerter, L., Setzer, W. 2018. Chemical Variation in Essential Oils of the Oleo-gum Resin of Boswellia carteri. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 15(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201800047

Johnson, S. 2015. The Carbon Storage Capacity of Altered Forest Ecosystems. Pages 203-224 in Morhardt, J. Emil, Editor. Energy, Biology, Climate Change. CloudRipper Press, Santa Barbara, California.